Cast Biomathematician by paying its mana cost; it enters with a vigilance counter due to Tayam.
When Biomathematician enters, it triggers, creating a 0/0 Fractal creature token with a vigilance counter due to Tayam, then putting a +1/+1 counter on each Fractal you control.
Declare that you are activating Tayam's ability, so state-based actions will not be checked until the ability is activated.
While paying that ability's cost, activate the creature token using the Wall of Roots mana ability from Agatha's Soul Cauldron by putting a -0/-1 counter on it, adding {G}.
Complete the activation by paying {3} and removing a vigilance counter from each of the two creatures and a -0/-1 counter from the Fractal token.
Holding priority, activate Phyrexian Altar twice by sacrificing Biomathematician and the creature token, adding two mana.
Resolve Tayam's ability, milling three and returning Biomathematician from your graveyard to the battlefield with a vigilance counter on it.
Repeat from step 2.

Infinite +1/+1 counters on certain creatures

Infinite creature ETB

Infinite creature LTB

Infinite creature sacrifice triggers

Infinite death triggers

Infinite self-mill

Wall of Roots

Agatha's Soul Cauldron

Tayam, Luminous Enigma

Phyrexian Altar

Biomathematician

Cast Biomathematician by paying its mana cost; it enters with a vigilance counter due to Tayam.
When Biomathematician enters, it triggers, creating a 0/0 Fractal creature token with a vigilance counter due to Tayam, then putting a +1/+1 counter on each Fractal you control.
Declare that you are activating Tayam's ability, so state-based actions will not be checked until the ability is activated.
While paying that ability's cost, activate the creature token using the Wall of Roots mana ability from Agatha's Soul Cauldron by putting a -0/-1 counter on it, adding {G}.
Complete the activation by paying {3} and removing a vigilance counter from each of the two creatures and a -0/-1 counter from the Fractal token.
Holding priority, activate Ashnod's Altar twice by sacrificing Biomathematician and the creature token, adding {C}{C}{C}{C}.
Resolve Tayam's ability, milling three and returning Biomathematician from your graveyard to the battlefield with a vigilance counter on it.
Repeat from step 2.

Infinite colorless mana

Infinite green mana

Ashnod's Altar

Cast Biomathematician by paying its mana cost; it enters with a vigilance counter due to Tayam.
When Biomathematician enters, it triggers, creating a 0/0 creature token with a +1/+1 counter on it as well as a vigilance counter due to Tayam.
Declare that you are activating Tayam's ability, so state-based actions will not be checked until the ability is activated.
While paying that ability's cost, activate the creature token using the Wall of Roots mana ability from Agatha's Soul Cauldron by putting a -0/-1 counter on it, adding {G}.
Complete the activation by paying {3} and removing a vigilance counter from each of the two creatures and a -0/-1 counter from the Fractal token.
Holding priority, activate Thermopod twice by sacrificing Biomathematician and the creature token, adding two mana.
Resolve Tayam's ability, milling three and returning Biomathematician from your graveyard to the battlefield with a vigilance counter on it.
Repeat from step 2.

Thermopod

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